Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous
Form Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Progressive irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs Example: I / you / we / they have spoken he / she / it has spoken regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed Example: I / you / we / they have worked he / she / it has worked form of 'have' + been + verb + ing Example: I / you / we / they have been speaking he / she / it has been speaking Exceptions Exceptions when adding 'ed' : when the final letter is e , only add d Example: love - love d after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admi tt ed final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - trave ll ed after a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - worr i ed but: play - pla y ed Exceptions when adding 'ing' : silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply...